Solved Questions Financial Accounting free essay sample

Settle would record the bond at procurement cost, not the sum it will get at development. b. Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS would perceive Prepaid Insurance (current resource); CHF240 million would be recorded at first. At Nestle’s year-end, the equalization in the Prepaid Insurance record would mirror the two months use of the protection, decreasing the parity to CHF200 [= CHF240 †(CHF240 X 2/12)] million. . Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS would perceive Option to Purchase Land (noncurrent resource), CHF6 million. d. Neither U. S. GAAP nor IFRS perceives the work contract, a commonly unexecuted contract, as an advantage. e. Under U. S. GAAP, Nestle would record just the expenses of getting the patent as an advantage on its accounting report, Patent (noncurrent resource), CHF0. 5 million. The remaining CHF80 million is a cost of the period. Under IFRS, Nestle would perceive Research Expense of CHF48 (= 60% X CHF80) million in the period brought about and record a Development Asset (noncurrent resource) at the procurement cost of CHF32 million (= 40% of CHF80 million) as a benefit on its accounting report, which it would deteriorate over the helpful existence of the item. We will compose a custom paper test on Tackled Questions Financial Accounting or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Under IFRS, Nestle would likewise perceive the patent as a benefit on its accounting report, Patent (noncurrent resource), CHF0. 5 million. f. Under both U. S. GAAP and IFRS, Nestle would not perceive the cocoa beans as a benefit until it gets the stock. 3. 23

Martin Buber’s †I and Thou Essay Sample free essay sample

Martin Buber’s I and Thou ( Ich und Du. 1923 ) presents a regulation of individual duologue. in that it depicts how close to home duologue can indicate the idea of world. Buber’s significant subject is that individual might be characterized by the way where we take part in duologue with one another. with the universe. what's more, with God. Blending to Buber. human presences may follow two perspectives toward the universe: I-Thou or I-It. I-Thou is a connection of subject-to-subject. while I-It is a connection of subject-to-protest. In the I-Thou relationship. human presences are mindful of each oher as holding an honesty of being. In the I-Thou relationship. human presences do non appreciate each other as staying of explicit. stray characteristics. be that as it may, take part in a duologue influencing each other’s entire being. In the I-It relationship. on the different manus. human presences see each other as staying of explicit. stray characteristics. what's more, see themselves as segment of a universe which comprises of things. We will compose a custom exposition test on Martin Buber’s †I and Thou Essay Sample or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I-Thou is a relationship of commonality and correspondence. while I-It is a relationship of discreteness and withdrawal. Buber clarifies that human presences may try to change over the subject-to-expose connection to a subject-to-question connection. or then again feebleness versa. Be that as it may. the being of a subject is a trustworthiness which can non be broke down as an item. At the point when a subject is examined as an article. the subject is not, at this point a theme. yet, turns into an article. At the point when a subject is examined as an article. the subject is not, at this point a Thou. in any case, turns into an It. The being which is examined as an article is the It in an I-It connection. The subject-to-subject connection confirms every point as holding an honesty of being. At the point when a theme picks. or then again is picked by. the I-Thou connection. this demonstration includes the subject’s entire being. Along these lines. the I-Thou connection is a demonstration of taking. or on the other hand being picked. to go the subject of a subject-to-subject connection. The theme turns into a subject through the I-Thou connection. furthermore, the demonstration of taking this connection asserts the subject’s entire being. Buber says that the I-Thou connection is a direct relational connection which is non interceded by any progression ining arrangement of contemplations. No objects of thought intercede among I and Thou. 1 I-Thou is an immediate connection of subject-to-subject. which is non interceded by some other connection. In this way. I-Thou is non an office to some object or end. in any case, is an extreme connection influencing the entire being of every theme. Love. as a connection among I and Thou. is a liable to-subject connection. Buber asserts that affection is non a connection of subject-to-question. In the I-Thou connection. subjects do non fathom each other as articles. be that as it may, see each other’s trustworthiness of being. Love is an I-Thou connection in which subjects partition this trustworthiness of being. Love is other than a connection in which I and Thou divide a feeling of mindful. respect. committedness. furthermore, obligation. Buber contends that. in spite of the fact that the I-Thou connection is a perfect connection. the I-It connection is an ineluctable connection by which the universe is seen as comprising of cognizable items or things. The I-It connection is the offices by which the universe is dissected and depicted. Be that as it may. the I-It connection may go an I-Thou connection. what's more, in the I-Thou connection we can interface with the universe in its entire being. In the I-Thou connection. the I is bound together with the Thou. in any case, in the I-It connection. the I is disconnected or isolated from the It. In the I-Thou connection. the being of the I has a place both with I and to Thou. In the I-It connection. the being of the I has a place with I. however, non to It. I-Thou is a connection wherein I and Thou have a mutual world. Buber battles that the I which has no Thou has a world which is less finished than that of the I in the I-and-Thou. The more that I-and-Thou partition their reality. the more complete is their reality. Orchestrating to Buber. God is the ever-enduring Thou. God is the Thou who supports the I-Thou connection everlastingly. In the I-Thou connection between the individual and God. there is a respectability of being wherein the individual can ever happen God. In the I-Thou connection. there is no boundary of different dealingss which separate the individual from God. furthermore, along these lines the individual can speak straightforwardly to God. The imperishable Thou is non an object of understanding. also, is non an object of thought. The imperishable Thou is no n something which can be researched or analyzed. The ever-enduring Thou is non a cognizable article. Be that as it may. the imperishable Thou can be known as the total Person who offers respectability to all being. Buber other than clarifies that the I-Thou connection may hold either conceivable being or existent being. At the point when the I-It connection turns into an I-Thou connection. the conceivable being of the I-Thou connection turns into the existent being of the I-Thou connection. Be that as it may. the I-Thou connection between the individual and God does non go. or on the other hand develop from. an I-It connection. since God. as the imperishable Thou. is everlastingly present as existent Being. Buber fights that the I-Thou connection between the individual and God is a cosmopolitan connection which is the establishment for all different dealingss. In the event that the individual has an existent I-Thou connection with God. so the individual must hold an existent I-Thou connection with the universe. On the off chance that the individual has an existent I-Thou connection with God. so the individual’s activities known to man must be guided by that I-Thou connection. In this way . the tenet of individual duologue might be an instructive strategy for moral enquiry and of indicating the idea of individual obligation.

How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media

How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media Basics Print How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media By Naveed Saleh, MD, MS twitter linkedin Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, is a medical writer and editor covering new treatments and trending health news. Learn about our editorial policy Naveed Saleh, MD, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Richard Fogoros, MD on October 26, 2017 Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a retired professor of medicine and board-certified internal medicine physician and cardiologist. He is Verywells Senior Medical Advisor. Learn about our Medical Review Board Richard Fogoros, MD Updated on February 15, 2020 xavierarnau / iStock More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In the aftermath of an unconscionable act of random violence, many people are inclined to label the perpetrator “crazy.” Although the criminal may have a mental illness, automatically assigning the label “crazy” does a great disservice to people who live with mental illness every day. In reality, somebody with mental illness is much more likely to be a victimâ€"rather than a perpetratorâ€"of violence.?? Calling a violent offender “crazy” spreads a dangerous stereotype and belies the complex relationship between criminality and mental illness. The media teaches us about people with whom we do not routinely interact. This constant flow of data gives us incessant social cues about the nature of other groups of peopleâ€"including which groups of people should be praised or scorned. Media portrayals of those with mental illness often skew toward either stigmatization or trivialization. Consequently, all forms of mediaâ€"including television, film, magazines, newspapers, and social mediaâ€"have been roundly criticized for disseminating negative stereotypes and inaccurate descriptions of those with mental illness. What Is Stigmatization? Stigma happens when some person is viewed as an “other.” This other is denied full social acceptance. Here is how stigma is defined by Ahmedani in a 2011 article titled “Mental Health Stigma: Society, Individuals, and the Profession”: The most established definition regarding stigma is written by Erving Goffman (1963) in his seminal work: Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Goffman (1963) states that stigma is an attribute that is deeply discrediting that reduces someone from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one (p. 3). The stigmatized, thus, are perceived as having a spoiled identity (Goffman, 1963, p. 3). In the social work literature, Dudley (2000), working from Goffman’s initial conceptualization, defined stigma as stereotypes or negative views attributed to a person or groups of people when their characteristics or behaviors are viewed as different from or inferior to societal norms.?? Of note, stigmatization is so entwined with the media that researchers have used newspaper articles as a proxy metric for stigma in society. Stigmatization of Mental Illness By the Media Some examples of how the media may stigmatize mental illness include: First, mental illnesses such as schizophrenia are seen as so disruptive to society that those with such conditions must be isolated from society altogether. Second, media accounts focus on the individual with mental illness rather than framing mental illness as a societal issue. Consequently, media consumers are more likely to blame the individual for the illness. Third, people with mental illness suffer from overgeneralization in media portrayals; everybody with a specific condition is expected to portray the same characteristics of the disease. For instance, depictions that all people with depression are suicidal, and all people with schizophrenia hallucinate. (In reality, only between 60% and 80% of people with schizophrenia experience auditory hallucinations, and a smaller number experience visual hallucinations.) Fourth, media portrayals discount the fact that many people with mental illness don’t need to disclose this condition to everyone around them. Insteadâ€"whether by intention or notâ€"mental illness often goes unrecognized. Portrayals in the media, however, present situations where everyone knows about a character’s mental illness, and this mental illness is no longer concealed. Fifth, the media portrays mental illness as being untreatable or unrecoverable. Trivialization of Mental Illness By the Media Here are some possible ways that trivialization can rear its head in the media. First, the media promotes mental illness as either not being severe or being less severe than it really is. For instance, many people with anorexia feel like their condition is made out to be less severe than it really isâ€"in part because people with the condition who are portrayed in the media minimize its serious and hide severe consequences. In reality, the death rate of anorexia is the highest death rate of an eating disorder. In an oft-cited meta-analysis published in JAMA Psychiatry in 2011, Arcelus and colleagues analyzed 36 studies representing 17,272 individual patients with eating disorders and found that 755 died.?? Second, mental illness is oversimplified in the media. For instance, people with OCD are depicted as being overly concerned with cleanliness and perfectionism. However, the obsessive thoughts that drive these compulsions are overlooked. Third, the symptoms of mental illness are portrayed in the media as beneficial. For example, in the television series Monk, the protagonist is a detective who has OCD and pays close attention to detail, which helps him solve the crime and advance his career. Fourth, using media channels, people without disabilities mock people with disabilities by appropriating mental-illness terminology. For instance, the hashtag OCD (#OCD) is commonly used on Twitter to describe attention to cleanliness or organization. Depictions of Schizophrenia in Film Probably the most disparaging stigmatizations of mental illness in media lie in the film portrayals of antagonists with mental illness. In particular, characters with schizophrenia are presented as “homicidal maniacs” in “slasher” or “psycho killer” movies. Such portrayals disseminate misinformation about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of people with schizophrenia and other forms of severe mental illness. Of note, popular movies have been shown to exert potent influences on attitude formation. In a 2012 article titled the “Portrayals of Schizophrenia by Entertainment Media: A Content Analysis of Contemporary Movies,” Owen analyzed 41 movies released between 1990 and 2010 for depictions of schizophrenia and found the following:?? Most characters displayed positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Delusions were featured most frequently, followed by auditory and visual hallucinations. A majority of characters displayed violent behavior toward themselves or others and nearly one-third of violent characters engaged in homicidal behavior. About one-fourth of characters committed suicide. Causation of schizophrenia was infrequently noted, although about one-fourth of movies implied that a traumatic life event was significant in causation. Of movies alluding to or showing treatment, psychotropic medications were most commonly portrayed. These portrayals were wrong and damaging for several reasons, including the following: Portrayals of schizophrenia in recent movies often focused on the positive symptoms of the disease, such as visual hallucinations, bizarre delusions, and disorganized speech. These symptoms were presented as commonplace when, in fact, negative symptoms, such as poverty of speech, decreased motivation, and flat affect, are more common.Several movies spread the false stereotype that people with schizophrenia are prone to violence and unpredictable behavior. Moreover, some movies presented people with schizophrenia as being “possessed.” These violent stereotypes poison viewers and engender harsh negative attitudes toward mental illness.In these movies, 24% of the characters with schizophrenia committed suicide, which is misleading because in reality only between 10% and 16% of people with schizophrenia commit suicide during the course of a lifetime.Characters with schizophrenia were usually depicted as white males. In reality, schizophrenia disproportionately affects African America ns. Furthermore, schizophrenia affects men and women almost equally.In a few movies, schizophrenia is depicted as secondary to traumatic life events or curable by love, which are both misrepresentations of the disease. On the bright side, Owen found that not all the information presented about schizophrenia in the modern film was stigmatizing.?? For example, in more than half of the movies analyzed, the use of psychiatric medications was depicted or alluded to. Furthermore, nearly half the characters with schizophrenia were depicted as poor, which jells with the epidemiological data that suggest people of higher socioeconomic means are less likely to experience schizophrenia. Ultimately, negative portrayalsâ€"especially violent negative portrayalsâ€"of people with schizophrenia and other severe types of mental illness in the media contribute to stigmatization, stereotyping, discrimination, and social rejection. What Can Be Done About the Stigma of Mental Health We still need to better understand how these messages are disseminated by the media before we can act to rectify them. Currently, there is limited research examining how the media promotes mental-illness stereotypes, stigmatization, and trivialization. Nevertheless, certain suggestions regarding how to improve the depiction of those with mental illness in the media have been made. Analyze mass-media production procedures to better understand the current practices, needs, values, and economic realities of screenwriters, producers, and journalists. For instance, understanding the balance between being newsworthy or emotionally arousing and verifiable.Present mental illness only when relevant to the story.Prefer non-individualized descriptions of mental illness and instead focus on the societal aspects.Include expert input from psychiatrists during production.Implement a mental health short course when training journalists.Use mental-health terminology with precision, fairness, and expertise. As individuals who consume copious amounts of mass media and engage on social media routinely, the best thing that we can do is to stop using words like “crazy” and “deranged” in a derogatory or flippant fashion. Moreover, it’s best not to make psychiatric diagnoses outside of a clinical setting. Only a specialist can make a diagnosis of OCD, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and so forth. By labeling without proof, we hurt those who really live with mental illness on a daily basis.

broken spears focus paper - 802 Words

The Broken Spears Focus paper In The broken spears, author Miguel Leon-Portilla gives accounts from the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1519. These accounts include several texts written by surviving indigenous people of the Aztec civilization; these perspectives truly shows the emotion, fear, and uncertainty the Aztec’s felt in depth during this time. With the accounts in our textbook and the broken spears, we are able to draw conclusions viewing both facts and experiences through this prevailing point in world history. 1492 was a turning point for the Spanish, Columbus’s successful settlements in the new world encouraged further expeditions to discover resources and spread Christianity abroad. As we learned last week the†¦show more content†¦Traditions encounters explains how European explorers and settlers had the desire to spread Christianity, the text states; â€Å"over time, and despite considerable initial resistance, Christianity did win adherents.†3 Traditions encounters fail to explain the initial resistance of the religious battle, although the broken spears explain the massacre during the fiesta honoring Huitzilopochtli in great detail in chapter eleven. Chapter eleven in the broken spears also describes how small pox broke out in Tenochtitlan, â€Å"sores erupted on our faces, our breasts, our bellies; we were covered with agonizing sores from head to toe.†4 The text continues in dramatic detail about the pain, suffering, and deaths the people of Tenochtitlan experienced. Traditions encounters vaguely describes this epidemic as, â€Å"Small pox raged though the city, killing inhabitants by the tens of thousands.†5 Ten years before the arrival of the Spaniards the Aztecs experienced eight bad omens described by Sahaguns informants. These accounts show how terrified the Aztecs were during this time, describing how, â€Å"the natives were overcome with terror, weeping and shouting and crying out.†6 In the following chapters the reports and experiences make you understand how the omens made the people ofShow MoreRelatedCharles Martel And The Franks Versus The Moorish Kingdom1670 Words   |  7 Pageswas the kingdom of the Franks, this stretched from the English Channel and North Sea coasts to the Mediterranean, and from a narrow holding on the Atlantic coast north of Aquitaine to Bavaria and Saxony. 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The Life and Poetry of Langston Hughes Essay - 776 Words

According to Becky Bradley in American Cultural History, Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Growing up, he dealt with some hard times. His parents divorced when he was little and he grew up with neither of his parents. Hughes was raised by his grandmother since his father moved to Mexico after their divorce and his mother moved to Illinois. It was when Hughes was thirteen that he moved out to Lincoln, Illinois to be reunited with his mother. This is where Hughes began writing poetry. However, the family moved again and finally settled in Cleveland, Ohio (Bradley, pars. 1-3). Author Larry Neal writes that after his high school graduation, he spent a year in Mexico and then spent a year at Columbia†¦show more content†¦They made the African American voice respected, heard and a meaningful part to the American culture (Wallace 56-64). Harold Bloom notes that this movement brought an extraordinary creative activity in not only writing but also art and music. It redefined the expressions of African Americans and their customs. The Harlem Renaissance affected people then and still affects people today. It gives something to artists to write or even draw about and to show others the struggles they have gone through. Langston Hughes’s poem â€Å"Harlem† is just one of the thousand outcomes of the Harlem Renaissance. They all, through their poems, art and music had a strong sense of racial pride. They wanted to gain equality, attack racism, and most of all celebrate African American culture (Bloom 113-127). In Line 1 of â€Å"Harlem†, we are introduced to what happens to a persons dreams get put on hold for some time. Hughes then asks, â€Å"Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?† (2-3). A raisin at first, is a grape, moist, round and juicy. However, it has shriveled up to become this dried up raisin. This simile is perfect because a dream deferred just shrivels up in our mind; we have let too much time pass to go back to fulfill the dream. The poem continues with â€Å"Or fester like a sore-and then run?† (3-4). This simile represents the dream eating at them; constantly an irritation because it has not been obtained. Line 5 isShow MoreRelatedA Brief Look at Langston Hughes1413 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes Langston Hughes’ challenging background, ethnicity, and era of life can all be thought of reasons as to why his style of writing relates among discrimination and unsettling topics. Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of what African Americans, like himself, had to go throughRead MoreEssay on Langston Hughes a Harlem Renaissance Man1463 Words   |  6 Pagesartists such as Langston Hughes. 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People migrated in record numbers, but just as the cultural aspects of Harlem prospered other walks of life in Harlem suffered dramatically due to the ever increasing population. Having developed a distinctive culture, Harlem was the epicenter for black writers, artists and intellectuals during the 1920s. The Harlem Renaissance was centered on activitiesRead MoreThe Influences for Langston Hughes Successful Writing Career979 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican literature and American culture have always been connected throughout our history. Langston Hughes was able to recognize that, â€Å"Man had the inability to bridge cultures† (Bloom 16). In one of his writings, Luani of the Jungles, Langston writes about the interactions in a relationship between a white man and a black woman, â€Å"that is not ruined by outside disapproval, but the man’s own obsession and oversimplification of their racial differences† (16). Hughes’s ability to speak openly aboutRead MoreReoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes is an extremely successful and well known black writer who emerged from the Harlem Renaissance (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). He is recognized for his poetry and like many other writers from the Harlem Renaissance, lived most of his life outside of Harlem (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). His personal experiences and opinions inspire his writing intricately. Unlike other writers of his time, Hughes expresses his discontent with black oppression and focuses on the hardships of his people. Hughes’

Miss Greenford Free Essays

Miss Greenford sat behind her 95 years old typewriter she inherited from the father to type down a letter to her only son who serves with the US army. She said, †Dear John, I miss you so much, my second baby. Daddy hasn’t being feeling well for the past three months and he is worried he wouldn’t make it before you return from the war. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Greenford or any similar topic only for you Order Now His wish is to see you before going home. Please do come quickly when you get this letter. Grandma sends her greetings, and Doggy your cat too. While she sat typing, John, in the silence of an explosion from the enemy’s camp, swallowed a bullet. †Retreat everyone†, the General shouted. Lieutenant Jamal from Afghanistan carried his friend on his shoulder and ran into the tent where the nurses tended the wounds of the injured soldiers. †Johnny, Johnny please speak to me. Open your eyes† he solemnly requested but John quietly was giving up the ghost. The only word that came out of his mouth was ‘mama’. Lieut. Jamal cried! He has lost the only friend in the army that cared for him.He remembered how he used to play basketball with John alone as all the guys refused his company and called him names. One day at assembly, it was announced a war has broken up between the US and Russia and all males were entreated to enlist in the army asap. Jamal was frightened to death because he never liked the sound of a gun. Growing up in a ghetto where the father was a warlord, he was called Ja, the whimp. He always hides under the bed during a fight of guns on the streets but John encouraged him that they can do it. He will be there for him anytime and protect him against the bullies. John was the brother Jamal never had. And now he doesn’t know how he can manage without him.Back home, Miss Greenford bought a stamp at the post office, sealed her letter and posted it to his loving son. She can’t wait to see him after eight solid months of separation. This war has had a toll on everyone. Miss Greenford herself has been feeling a severe ache in her left breast lately. Scared of the worst, she has refused to visit the hospital for a checkup. †I need to be strong to take care of my two boys, John and his father†, she always whispers to herself. Three weeks later, on the day Miss Greenford had planned on passing by the post office to check if her son has replied, there was a loud knock on the door which startled even the flower pot on the window pane and it came crushing on the floor.’Who is there?’ she shouted from the kitchen. ‘Friends of John, the voices echoed. Miss Greenford dashed out of the kitchen like a flash of lightening only to get to the door to see men dressed in uniform carrying a coffin. Immediately, she collapsed. She woke up to the news of her husband passing out of cardio attack when he wheeled his chair to the door because he also heard the shout of †friends of John† from his room.†Both my boys had left me, she cried. What does it profit me to be alive and not happy? The two things that gave me joy have been snatched from me, mama†. Old mama Gracie was there to console her daughter. She told her not stop crying. She should spit every phlegm of bitterness out, then she can have her peace. †I have been here before and I know how it feels but don’t worry it will make you stronger. It always does† Your daddy died in the war too. The only man I have ever known tasted death while in an amour defending his country. But he died a happy man. He died knowing that at least he paid his dues to his country. So sad he was before he died when I was pregnant with you for two weeks that the doctor said it is a girl. We had both been praying for a boy, but he prayed more fervently because he wanted his son to be a soldier, a protector of the state and dreams of America. Though disappointed, he loved you so very much, my baby. Be glad you gave daddy a soldier, now his soul will rest in peace. How to cite Miss Greenford, Papers

The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications free essay sample

Dr. Terry Mortenson in the article The Origin of Old- Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century, discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. In this review I will give a brief overview of what the article itself is about. Along with that, I will discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses that I have found and thought about. There are some very great points in this article, as well as weak points. I think it is important to discuss both. Overview: The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century is an article by Dr. Terry Mortenson. He discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. He mentions three French scientists, Comte de Buffon(1708-88), Pierre Laplace(1749-1827), Jean Lamarck(1744-1829), and how they were involved in the development of theories without the involvement of God. We will write a custom essay sample on The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He defends his arguments with the mentioning of the four scriptural geologist, George Young(1777-1848), George Fairholme(1789-1846), John Murray(1786? -1851), William Rhind(1797-1874)(Mortenson, 2003) . Strengths: I think Dr. Terry Mortenson makes very good points in his article, with great detail. He mentions the French scientists, and give a brief overview of what they brought to the table. â€Å"Three French scientists were prominent in this development. In Epochs of Nature (1778), Comte de Buffon (1708–88), postulated that the earth was the result of a collision between a comet and the sun and had gradually cooled from a molten lava state over at least 78,000 years. Pierre Laplace (1749–1827) published his nebular hypothesis in Exposition of the System of the Universe (1796). He imagined that the solar system had naturally and gradually condensed from a gas cloud during an indefinite but very long period of time. Jean Lamarck (1744–1829), in his Zoological Philosophy (1809), proposed a theory of biological evolution over long ages by means of the inheritance of acquired characteristics† (Mortenson, 2003). He made it clear that a person’s worldview greatly affects their scientific view on creation. The relationship to the belief in God to the belief in creation seems to be the central focus. He mentions the four scriptural geologists as well. â€Å"Four of the most geologically competent scriptural geologists were George Young, George Fairholme, John Murray and William Rhind.8 Their writings demonstrated extensive reading in the scientific (especially geological) literature of their day as well as considerable investigations of geological formations. They were men of strong Christian faith and respected character. Coincidentally these four were all Scottish† (Mortenson, 2003). Weaknesses: I believe with all of the information that Dr. Terry Mortenson gives, he could have given more biblical quotes backing his beliefs. He speaks of the flood, but gives no information from the Bible itself. Catastrophists believed that the creation was ‘untold ages’ old and that from time to time over those ages before man there had been several major catastrophic floods that destroyed a large percentage of living creatures, which God replaced with new, supernaturally created species† ( Mortenson, 2003). Had he backed up his beliefs with more information from the bible, I think I would have believed more myself. He speaks a lot on old theology studies, more towards the 1600s. I think he could have given examples from closer to the time frame the article is actually about. Conclusion: All in all I think the article itself was great. Could he have done better? Yes, but so could anyone else with their articles. It is hard to spot weaknesses myself, because I would like to see the best in everyone. I definitely found all the strengths easily. This article seemed to have a good premise behind the information. All of the information that the author provided was interesting, and thought provoking. Unfortunately, the author fell off topic for the better part of the article, and made ridiculous claims in his final section. The idea that naturalism and the spread of the Old-Earth ideology are remotely responsible in the downfall of society is an over-generalization, unverifiable, and an erroneous hypothesis at best. In my opinion, although an informative article, this document lost its legitimacy, and credibility due to the writer’s inability to convey his information in a concise and non-exaggeration manner. For a person who was looking forward to learning more about the history and development of the Old-Earth theory and valid impacts on today’s society, this article was not impressive.

Understanding the Victim Complex

Understanding the Victim Complex In clinical psychology, a â€Å"victim complex† or â€Å"victim mentality† describes a personality trait of persons who believe they are constantly the victims of the harmful actions of others, even when made aware of evidence to the contrary. Most people go through normal periods of simple self-pity, as part of the grieving process, for example. However, these episodes are temporary and minor compared to the perpetual feelings of helplessness, pessimism, guilt, shame, despair, and depression that consume the lives of persons afflicted with a victim complex. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for people who have actually been victims of physically abusive or manipulative relationships to fall prey to  a universal victim mentality. Victim Complex vs. Martyr Complex   Sometimes associated with the term victim complex, persons diagnosed with a â€Å"martyr complex† actually desire the feelings of repeatedly being the victim. They sometimes seek out, even encourage, their own victimization in order to either satisfy a psychological need or as an excuse to avoid personal responsibility. Persons diagnosed with a martyr complex often knowingly place themselves in situations or relationships most likely to result in their suffering. Outside of the theological context, which holds that martyrs are persecuted as punishment for their refusal to reject a religious doctrine or deity, persons with a martyr complex seek to suffer in the name of love or duty. The martyr complex is sometimes associated with the personality disorder called â€Å"masochism,† regarded as a preference for and the pursuit of suffering.   In this sense, psychologists often observe the martyr complex in persons involved in abusive or codependent relationships. Fed by their perceived misery, persons with a martyr complex will often reject advice or offers to help them. Common Traits of Victim Complex Sufferers Persons diagnosed with a victim complex tend to dwell on every trauma, crisis, disease, or another difficulty that they have ever suffered, particularly those that happened during their childhoods. Often seeking a survival technique, they have come to believe that society simply â€Å"has it out for them.† In this sense, they passively submit to their unavoidable â€Å"fate† as perpetual victims as a way of coping with problems from tragic to trivial. Some common traits of persons with a victim complex include: They refuse to accept responsibility for dealing with their problems.They never accept any degree of blame for their problems.They always find reasons why suggested solutions will not work.They carry grudges, never forgive, and simply cannot â€Å"move on.†They are rarely assertive and find it hard to express their needs.They believe everyone is â€Å"out to get them† and thus trust no one.They are negative and pessimistic, always looking for the bad even in the good.They are often highly critical of others and rarely enjoy lasting friendships. According to psychologists, victim complex sufferers employ these â€Å"safer to flee than fight† beliefs as a method of coping with or completely avoiding life and its inherent difficulties. As noted behavioral scientist, author and speaker Steve Maraboli puts it, â€Å"The victim mindset dilutes the human potential. By not accepting personal responsibility for our circumstances, we greatly reduce our power to change them.† The Victim Complex in Relationships In relationships, a partner with a victim complex can cause extreme emotional chaos. The â€Å"victim† may constantly ask their partner to help them only to reject their suggestions or even find ways to sabotage them. In some cases, the â€Å"victim† will actually wrongly criticize their partner for failing to help, or even accuse them of trying to make their situation worse. As a result of this frustrating cycle, victims become experts at manipulating or bullying their partners into making draining attempts at care-giving ranging from financial support to assuming full responsibility for their lives. In this sense, bullies - looking for someone to take advantage of - often seek persons with a victim complex as their partners.  Ã‚   Perhaps the most likely to suffer lasting damage from these relationships are partners whose pity for the victim transcends sympathy to become empathy. In some cases, the dangers of misguided empathy can be the end of already tenuous relationships. When Victims Meet Saviors Along with bullies looking to dominate them, persons with a victim complex often attract partners with a â€Å"savior complex† looking to â€Å"fix† them. According to psychologists, persons with a savior or â€Å"Messiah† complex feel a consuming need to save other people. Often sacrificing their own needs and well-being, they seek out and attach themselves to people who they believe desperately need their help. Believing they are doing â€Å"the noble thing† in trying to â€Å"save† people while asking nothing in return, saviors often consider themselves better than everyone else. While the savior partner is certain they can help them, their victim partners are equally certain they cannot. Worse yet, victim partners with a martyr complex - happy in their misery - will stop at nothing to make sure they fail. Whether the savior’s motives in helping are pure or not, their actions can be harmful. Incorrectly believing their savior partner will â€Å"make them whole† the victim partner feels no need to take responsibility for his or her own actions and never develop the internal motivation to do so. For the victim, any positive changes will be temporary, while negative changes will be permanent and potentially devastating. Where to Look for Advice All of the conditions discussed in this article are true mental health disorders. As with medical problems, advice on mental disorders and potentially dangerous relationships should be sought only from certified mental health care professionals.   In the United States, registered professional psychologists are certified by the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPA). Lists of certified psychologists or psychiatrists in your area can typically be obtained from your state or local health agency. In addition, your primary care doctor is a good person to ask if you think you may need to see somebody about your mental health. Sources Andrews, Andrea LPC NCC, â€Å"The Victim Identity, Traversing the Inner Terrain,† Physiology Today (February 24, 2011)  Davis, Sheldon E. (September 1945). What Are Modern Martyrs Worth?. Peabody Journal of Education.Seligman, David B. (May 1970). Masochism. Australasian Journal of Philosophy.Johnson, Paul E. (January 1970). The emotional health of the clergy. Journal of Religion and Health.Braiker, Harriet B., Whos Pulling Your Strings? How to Break the Cycle of Manipulation (2006)Aquino and K. Byron, ‘Dominating interpersonal behavior and perceived victimization in groups: Evidence for a curvilinear relationship’, Journal of Management.Messiah Complex Psychology. Flowpsychology.Dangerous delusions: The Messiah Complex and Jerusalem Syndrome. Freethought Nation.

What Is Muriatic Acid Is It Dangerous

What Is Muriatic Acid Is It Dangerous SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Acids get a bad rap- when we hear the word, we often picture some kind of vat of flesh-eating, lime-green liquid. But acids of all kinds, including muriatic acid, have tons of practical uses, and not just for super villains! Homeowners, leatherworkers, and even the pearl industry use muriatic acid on a daily basis. This guide will cover what muriatic acid is, some common uses for it, and how to handle it safely. Muriatic acid is great for heavy-duty cleaners. What Is Muriatic Acid? Muriatic acid, unsurprisingly, is a type of acid. Acids aren’t just dangerous liquids that must be handled with thick gloves (though some are!)- technically, an acid is anything with a pH of 7 or less. That includes vinegar and all citrus fruits, as well as some familiar acids you may have heard of, like hydrochloric acid or oxalic acid, which is found in baking powder and some bleaches. Acids have many practical uses, including for household cleaning or adding flavor to food or beverages. Coca Cola has a pH of about 2.5, making it far more acidic than you’d expect for something we consume on a daily basis! And though bases and acids can be used to counteract one another, consuming a base can be just as dangerous as consuming an acid; lye, drain cleaner, and ammonia are all bases that can be quite dangerous. So how about muriatic acid? Muriatic acid is a form of hydrochloric acid, which has a pH of about 1 to 2. The only differences between hydrochloric acid and muriatic acid are purity- muriatic acid is diluted to somewhere between 14.5 and 29 percent, and often contains impurities like iron. These impurities are what make muriatic acid more yellow-toned than pure hydrochloric acid. Though still highly corrosive, muriatic acid is milder than hydrochloric acid and is therefore more suitable for home use. At a pH of 1 to 2, muriatic acid can be as acidic as stomach acid (which is also in part comprised of hydrochloric acid) or lemon juice. However, pH level is not the sole determinant of its corrosiveness. Despite sometimes having the same acidity as lemon juice, putting muriatic acid on your skin is always riskier than lemon juice. Lemon juice is five to six percent citric acid, whereas muriatic acid can be anywhere between 14 and 31 percent acid. So in addition to having a lower pH and therefore more acidic composition, muriatic acid is also more concentrated than lemon juice- hence why muriatic acid can easily burn bare skin, whereas lemon juice is unlikely to. That’s why it’s always important to use safety gear if you’re working with muriatic acid, even if it’s been diluted, but not so much with lemons. You probably don't want to use muriatic acid for everyday cleaning, but it can be useful! What Are the Uses of Muriatic Acid? Muriatic acid has a variety of uses, many of them industrial. As an acid, many of its uses are for cleaning or removing one substance from another. Some common uses for muriatic acid are: Processing raw leather Removing iron or rust from steel Removing the outside of pearls Household cleaning (basements and toilets with mineral stains) Cleaning bricks Clearing clogged drains Though it might not be as concentrated as some acids, safety gear is still essential when working with muriatic acid. How to Use Muriatic Acid Safely Despite its myriad of practical applications, it’s important to remember that muriatic acid is still derived from hydrochloric acid, a potentially dangerous substance if not properly handled. Always adhere to good safety practices when using muriatic acid, such as: Wear Protective Clothing Muriatic acid may be less concentrated than hydrochloric acid, but it is still capable of causing burns to the skin and eyes. Always wear protective clothing when handling muriatic acid, including long sleeves, pants, gloves, and goggles or glasses. No matter what you’re using muriatic acid for, it’s possible for splashing or wind to cause liquid to land on your skin, so dress appropriately. Add the Acid to Water If you’re diluting your muriatic acid further, always pour the acid into water rather than vice-versa. Adding water to acid can cause a chemical reaction that makes the liquid bubble and spray in multiple directions, potentially causing injury if it lands on skin or eyes. Do Not Mix Muriatic acid is an effective cleaning agent on its own and should not be mixed with chemicals like bleach or potassium permanganate. Mixing these chemicals together produces chlorine gas, which can cause breathing problems and even death. Complete Proper Disposal Muriatic acid must be neutralized by adding baking soda to it. Don’t pour muriatic acid down drains without neutralizing it, as this can cause corrosion and environmental damage. The solution should be at a ratio of 1:50, meaning you must flush the muriatic acid and baking soda with a large amount of water to ensure that it is properly diluted. If possible, dispose of the muriatic acid by containing it in a plastic bucket and taking it to hazardous waste disposal. Use Proper Containment Muriatic acid should be stored in plastic or glass containers, never metal, which it can corrode. What’s Next? Want to enrich your knowledge of acids and bases? These high school science classes could be just the thing! There's lots of fun science you can do at home (and not all of it requires safety gear)- such as making slime! What to know what you'll be learning in AP chemistry? This guide to AP chemistry syllabi will help you plan our your academic year to be even more effective!

Story of an hour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Story of an hour - Essay Example To get to a point of climax, stories are read and films are watched. This is what determines whether a story is good or bad as it is the focal point of the story. A sure climax will give a situation where there is a double approval or double disapproval. The short story by Kate Chopin, ‘The story of an hour’, offers every detail on its way to the death of Louise Mallard which is the climax of the story and comes so suddenly that most readers are caught off guard. It is a great story since it gives a lot of details as it leads to the climax. Chopin handles issues that are complex in the story as they involve the mixed feelings that Mallard had when she heard of the death of her husband in a train accident. They were marriage, female independence and love. The death of her husband gives her feelings that are conflicting as she feels the pain of her loss while at the same time; she is excited at the prospect of being independent as a female since there was no man to answer to after his death. The story ends in a manner that is not easy to predict as there is a new twist to the tale with the revelation that her husband was actually n ot dead killing her dream of being independent instantly. She dies from the shock and it is her husband who is freed from her and he stays to enjoy the independence that she would envy even in death. The story however does not go far enough to tell the reader what kind of emotions and thoughts went through Mr. Mallard’s mind. In her story, Chopin makes Mrs. Mallard look like a sympathetic person who is strong in mind and has an insight. This is shown by the fact that she feels the pain of the loss of her husband but is strong enough and knows very well that it is no use getting attached to the loss but it is important to take advantage of the freedom that comes from the loss. In other words she takes on the positives from the loss. In the past American wives always answered to their husbands but those women who were

Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Public Policy - Essay Example However the process of development of policies can be initiated by any of ministers departments, think tanks, parliament, general public, cause groups, media, academic experts, party groupings, extra parliamentary parties, prime ministers and cabinet. There are players in policy making who are consulted while formulating policies such as civil servants, key pressure group leaders, outside experts for an outer perspective about the problem and concerned ministries for their approval and ideas. There are two approaches to policy making, one is top-down approach and another is bottom-up policy making. Top-down policy making, involves formulation of policy taking place from higher levels of political system and then those policies are communicated to the sub-ordinates who are then held responsible to make sure that the execution of those policies is done in the right manner. This approach is also referred as the concept of core executive (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, bottom-up approach of policy development may have a sequence like: Another approach that is bottom-up approach to policy making which deals with development of policies getting initiated from sub-ordinate level rather than higher levels as this approach believes in empowerment of sub-ordinates and thus they own the power to reshape or change the policies thus policy may change during implementation. This approach recognizes policy formulation process as interactive process (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, a bottom-up approach of policy formulation may have sequence like: There are two views of about how evaluation is done, one is impressionistic and another is systematic. Impressionistic method of evaluation id the method of assessment based on overall quality. It is qualitative and subjective method of evaluation where the subject experts are requested to thoroughly examine

Importance of Physics in our Daily Life Essay

Importance of Physics in our Daily Life Essay Role of physics in our daily life INTRODUCTION We are living in the century of science and technology and introduction of science in our daily has transformed our lives. When people had no idea about science, even then their lives were governed by principles of different branches of science. When we light a fire, it is a chemical process; when we eat and digest food, it is biological process; when we walk on Erath, it is governed by laws of physics; when an Earthquake occurs, it’s a seismic activity; when we talk about different terrains and gems of Earth surface, it is related to Geology. There is no single activity of our lives, which define our one or other field of science. Similarly, physics governs our everyday lives and is involved in a number of activities we perform and things we use in our daily life. Here we will discuss how physics is playing its part in running our everyday tasks and assists us to do our errands, chores and duties smoothly and effectively. BODY Physics is considered natural science because it deals with the things like matter, force, energy and motion. As these all are related to task related to everyday life, so, we can say that physics studies how the universe works, how Earth Moves around the sun, how lightening strikes, how our refrigerator works and many more. In short, physics define how everything works around us. When cannot separate anything from science and, our world cannot disconnect itself from the wonders of Physics. When we look around us, we can see a number of things that work on the principles of Physics. We can explain our several activities by making use of the knowledge of Physics. Here, we will discuss some of the example, which will help us to learn how physics is playing its part in our lives each day. Walking A number of principles of physics are involved in simple act of walking. It involves concepts of weight, Newton’s three laws of inertia, friction, gravitational law and potential and kinetic energy. When we walk, we actually act like an inverted pendulum. When we put the foot on ground, it becomes our axis and our mass is centered in our abdomen, describing the shape of an arc. When we set foot on ground, we actually put weight i.e w=mg and apply backward force on ground, as the response to our weight, ground responds by an opposing force which is vertical in nature, on leg which slows us down and this slowing process continues unless our leg comes nearest to our tummy. When leg is moving, kinetic energy is at maximum and potential energy is zero, but, when leg reaches nearest to belly or arc, potential energy reaches to its maximum. When another step is taken, the stored potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and this process continues. We act as an imperfect pendulu m, because all potential energy is not converted into kinetic energy. Only 65 percent of energy is provided by stored potential energy to take next step, remaining 35 percent is provided by bio chemical processes. (Kunzig, 2001) When we walk we actually do some work in physical terms, as W=F*S, when we exert some force and as a result of it we cover some distance we actually do work. During walking, Newton’s three laws of motion are applied. First law of motion states that, a body remains in state of rest unless a force is applied on it. When we are at rest, inertia is at maximum. Body needs largest amount of force to get out of state of inertia, i.e when we start walking. When we talk first step the energy is transferred from foot to upper body parts and we start moving, during the process of walking inertia keeps on changing increases when we set foot on ground and decreases when we move the foot up. Second law of motion states that a=F/m i.e acceleration is directly proportional to the force we use or exert while walking, therefore, when we will apply more force, our acceleration will increase. Third law of motion is about action and reaction, when we set foot on ground we exert force on it and as a result to it ground exerts reactionary vertical force on body. (Patricia Ann Kramer, 2011) Cooking Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, temperature and work done due to it. Heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from one medium to another i.e heat transfer. For heat transfer, heat travels from hotter surface to cooler. When we put pan, with water or something else in it, on burning stove the energy in flame of stove touches cold pan, it starts transferring heat to the pan thus making it hooter. This phenomenon is called conduction. Convection is a process of movement of molecules in liquid and gases. When we heat the pan, the water molecules on the base of pan start heating up, a time comes when they get enough energy and become hotter than the molecules around them, then they start moving to the surface of water. The water molecules on the surface are cooler and heavier from hot water, due to less heat energy, thus start moving down, this process continues until all water comes at same temperature. (ouchmath, 2011) The cooking process is an open system, because in this both matter and energy is lost. According to zeroth law of thermodynamics energy should be conserved, in our case the energy lost by flame is used by pot to heat water and thus the total energy remains conserved. If we use pressure cooker it uses het energy to bring spontaneous changes into food by using kinetic energy of molecules to bring chemical changes in food; thus satisfying law of thermodynamics that spontaneous works are done due to work energy. (Lathbridge, 2013) Cutting fruits and vegetables When we cut fruit and vegetable, we never realize that physics could be involved in this simple task, but, surely it is. In order to cut anything, we have to exert pressure on knife. When we increase the pressure we can cut an object easily. Pressure is dependent on force and area i.e directly dependent on force and inversely dependent on area. In simple terms we can say that when we exert more force we can cut an object easily, but, if same force is applied with a knife with thicker edges, we cannot it. From experiences we learn that the knives which have edges with smaller surface area can help to cut an object easily. Similarly, we can cut easily with a sharper knife than blunt. The blunt knife offers more friction, due to its rough edges; thus making it difficult to cut an object. Seeing Our eyes are an incredible gift by God. We see wonders of the world, by this small organ. When we talk about parts of body and their function, it is the general concept that we are talking about biology. But, we neglect the fact that functions of our body parts are also working under the laws of physics and chemistry. If we talk about the sense of seeing, we come to know that our eyes work as a camera to see things around us. The lens in our eyes is convex i.e it converges or focuses light. When light enters our eye, cornea and lens focus the light. Iris controls the amount of light entering the eye and iris creates an image on retina, which is real and inverted i.e like in camera. The image of light is converted into electrical signal, by photoreceptors, and sent to vision centre of brain by optic nerve. The vision center analyses the electric signal and arranges it into its original form i.e to be seen by eye. The image we can see is due to the amount of light reflected from that o bject. This is the reason why we cannot see in dark. (Edmondson, 2005) Eye can perceive different shapes and colors of the objects. Light consists of seven colors, when it falls on an object say, book of color red, it absorbs all the colors and reflect red color. This helps us to interpret that the cover of this book is red. When light falls a white object then it reflects all the colors and that’s why it seems white (we also regard light as white light). Similarly, when light falls on black object it absorbs all the light and reflects nothing that’s why that object looks black. (Pappas, 2010) Opening and closing doors Physics is also involved in opening and closing of hinged doors. The phenomenon involved in opening and closing of door is torque. Torque is the force required to twirl an object about an axis or fulcrum. When we open a door by using the handle, at farthest place from hinge, we can easily open the door by producing torque, ÆÂ ®=F*l sin ÆÅ ¸, where l is the distance of hinge from door knob or handle. (Lesson 27a: Torque (AP Only) , 2013) If the knob is located near the hinge, we have to exert more torque, thus producing less angular acceleration. When we apply force perpendicular to the door, larger angular acceleration is produced. When we apply force on the door knob, compel the door to rotate on its axis thus acting on the principle of torque. Torque is positive when we open the door clockwise and negative if we open it anticlockwise. (Broholom, 1997) CONCLUSION Here, we have seen a limited example of physics, but over life is governed by this branch of science. Physics governs a lot of natural phenomenon and also define a number of man made things like cars, refrigerators, microwave and escalators. Hence, we can say that our world is ruled by physics. Works Cited Broholom, C. (1997, October 20). Opening a door. Retrieved from John Hopkins University: http://www.pha.jhu.edu/~broholm/l18/node3.html Edmondson, R. (2005, November 11). How are we able to see things? Retrieved from MyUniversalFacts: http://www.myuniversalfacts.com/2005/11/how-are-we-able-to-see-things.html Kunzig, R. (2001). The Physics of Walking. DISCOVER Vol. 22 No. 07. Lathbridge, A. (2013, June 06). Thermodynamics of Cooking. Retrieved from Science fare: http://sciencefare.org/2013/06/26/thermodynamics-of-cooking/ Lesson 27a: Torque (AP Only) . (2013, March 12). Retrieved from studyphysics.ca: http://www.studyphysics.ca/2007/20/ap_torque/27_ap_a_torque.pdf ouchmath. (2011, January 25). THE PHYSICS OF COOKING. Retrieved from OUCH MATH: http://ouchmath.wordpress.com/2011/01/25/the-physics-of-cooking/ Pappas, t. (2010, April 29). How Do We See in Color? Retrieved from Live Science: http://www.livescience.com/32559-why-do-we-see-in-color.html Patricia Ann Kramer, A. D. (2011). The Energetic Cost of Walking: A Comparison of Predictive Methods. PLoS ONE, 6(6), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021290.

Vietnam’s Inflation

Vietnam's government is set to raise electricity prices by 15% on Tuesday, at a time when the population is already struggling with a soaring cost of living. Last week the Vietnamese government also raised the retail prices of oil products by as much as 24%. In February, inflation hit a two-year high of 12. 31%. Analysts say despite the government's measures to tighten monetary policy, price pressures are likely to continue. â€Å"The increases in energy, electricity and petroleum indicate that we are going to see inflation get a little worse despite the shift in government policy,† said Christian de Guzman of Moody's Investor Group. Overheating For years the Vietnamese government has kept a loose interest rate policy and subsidized lending in order to boost growth. The government expects the economy to expand as much as 7. 5%, up from 6. 8% in 2010. But the cost of that rapid pace is that the economy has started to show signs of overheating. Credit rating agencies cut the country's sovereign-credit rating last year. Inflation fears have also caused a sell-off in Vietnamese markets. Vietnam's benchmark stock index has slid 6. 7% in the past year. The Vietnamese government was focused on growth at all costs,† said Mr de Guzman. â€Å"By the middle of last year they had already reached their inflation target but then they continued to pursue other macroeconomic policy targets like credit growth and gross domestic product growth,† he said. Fighting inflation But since the beginning of this year, the government seems to have shifted its policies towards stabilizing prices. Last week the Vietnamese govern ment announced a set of measures to curb inflation. Electricity prices have been raised in an effort to reduce budget spending The central bank recently raised the cost of borrowing. It increased the benchmark refinance rate by 2 percentage points from 9% to 11%. The government has also vowed to reduce government debt. To that effect, it cut the budget-deficit target to less than 5% of gross domestic product, from 5. 3%. Reducing government spending on subsidies for fuel and electricity are also part of that plan. â€Å"In order to stave off inflation, they want to cut back on subsidies. It does alleviate some of the pressure on the budget,† said Mr de Guzman. Dong devaluation The other major strain on the Vietnamese economy is the currency. The central bank devalued the dong against the US dollar by 8. 5%. It is the latest in a series of devaluations the government has implemented to reduce the risk of a shortfall in foreign currency reserves. However, that will lead to higher import costs, which in turn, could again increase inflationary pressures.

Case Study Cunard Line Ltd., Managing Integrated...

Case Study: Cunard Line Ltd., Managing Integrated Marketing Communications 1. For 1992, why did they select the marketing communications activities in the case? By 1992, there had been a shift in advertising strategy due to worldwide recession in the early 1990s. As result, there was more pressure to achieve immediate sales results, i.e., to fill the ships and thus temptation to resort to more price-oriented appeals to customers. Cunard needed to strategically allocate the budget for marketing communications and branding, maintain uniformity in its communication efforts -- all while finding the right balance between tactical and strategic branding. In addition, Cunard needed to consider the effect on branding strategy due to†¦show more content†¦The team used a mix of marketing communications tools and made a distinct emphasis between focus on the Cunard corporate identity and focus on the identity of the individual ships. Cunard’s magazine advertisements using a strategic marketing experience with a focus on individual ships. These ads high light the company’s offerings of luxury accommodations and services which the traveler will experience, for example with the Queen Elizabeth 2 ship. Another example of strategic advertising is with the Vistaford super luxury ship magazine ad which highlights its superior services. For example, white-glove services, single seating, dining, etc. I think the company effectively makes the distinction between the offerings of the individual ships, and to create awareness of the super luxury cruise. Cunard’s newspaper advertisements focus on the tactical advertising. For example, Exhibit #5 gives exact details of the Cunard product and services offered, i.e., details of the cruise packages along with the cost. Exhibit # 7, another tactical advertisement is an ad for the Queen Elizabeth ship. The marketing communications team have emotionally connected with the customer in its offer to have an experience on the cruise with the tagline â€Å"Life is Short.† Along with i t they have given details of the cruise, the package and even to create much more appeal they have introduced an offer of traveling in

The term outsourcing refers to the act of contracting out...

The term outsourcing refers to the act of contracting out business activities and procedures to a third party. The act of outsourcing sometimes involves the transfer of assets from one organization to the other. The term is also used to describe the act of handling the control of public services to the private corporations. Outsourcing mainly involves both the local and foreign contracting. At times, the term is used to describe relocation of business organizations to another country which is a also known as off shoring. This term is very popular in the U.S especially in the 21st century (Davies, pg. 21). The main motivation for the activity of outsourcing is the financial saving due to the reduced international labor market rates. The†¦show more content†¦The American labor markets have been severely affected by the increasing outsourcing as this has seen the market to lose a great number of the their services thus making a significant number of the skilled workers to lose their jobs while those who are undergoing their training programs are not sure whether they will secure a job in the country not. That means if they will not find one then they will have to opt to be self employed, jobless or opt to outsource their skills to foreign countries. This has led to more American workers who are trained to look for jobs that they do not fit or that which they are not trained to perform due to lack of job that they are specialized in as the companies have taken the operations to other countries like China and India (Anil, pg. 7). These two countries have taken the big share of the American manufacturing industries that have outsourced their services. 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