Solved Questions Financial Accounting free essay sample

Settle would record the bond at procurement cost, not the sum it will get at development. b. Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS would perceive Prepaid Insurance (current resource); CHF240 million would be recorded at first. At Nestle’s year-end, the equalization in the Prepaid Insurance record would mirror the two months use of the protection, decreasing the parity to CHF200 [= CHF240 †(CHF240 X 2/12)] million. . Both U. S. GAAP and IFRS would perceive Option to Purchase Land (noncurrent resource), CHF6 million. d. Neither U. S. GAAP nor IFRS perceives the work contract, a commonly unexecuted contract, as an advantage. e. Under U. S. GAAP, Nestle would record just the expenses of getting the patent as an advantage on its accounting report, Patent (noncurrent resource), CHF0. 5 million. The remaining CHF80 million is a cost of the period. Under IFRS, Nestle would perceive Research Expense of CHF48 (= 60% X CHF80) million in the period brought about and record a Development Asset (noncurrent resource) at the procurement cost of CHF32 million (= 40% of CHF80 million) as a benefit on its accounting report, which it would deteriorate over the helpful existence of the item. We will compose a custom paper test on Tackled Questions Financial Accounting or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Under IFRS, Nestle would likewise perceive the patent as a benefit on its accounting report, Patent (noncurrent resource), CHF0. 5 million. f. Under both U. S. GAAP and IFRS, Nestle would not perceive the cocoa beans as a benefit until it gets the stock. 3. 23

Martin Buber’s †I and Thou Essay Sample free essay sample

Martin Buber’s I and Thou ( Ich und Du. 1923 ) presents a regulation of individual duologue. in that it depicts how close to home duologue can indicate the idea of world. Buber’s significant subject is that individual might be characterized by the way where we take part in duologue with one another. with the universe. what's more, with God. Blending to Buber. human presences may follow two perspectives toward the universe: I-Thou or I-It. I-Thou is a connection of subject-to-subject. while I-It is a connection of subject-to-protest. In the I-Thou relationship. human presences are mindful of each oher as holding an honesty of being. In the I-Thou relationship. human presences do non appreciate each other as staying of explicit. stray characteristics. be that as it may, take part in a duologue influencing each other’s entire being. In the I-It relationship. on the different manus. human presences see each other as staying of explicit. stray characteristics. what's more, see themselves as segment of a universe which comprises of things. We will compose a custom exposition test on Martin Buber’s †I and Thou Essay Sample or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I-Thou is a relationship of commonality and correspondence. while I-It is a relationship of discreteness and withdrawal. Buber clarifies that human presences may try to change over the subject-to-expose connection to a subject-to-question connection. or then again feebleness versa. Be that as it may. the being of a subject is a trustworthiness which can non be broke down as an item. At the point when a subject is examined as an article. the subject is not, at this point a theme. yet, turns into an article. At the point when a subject is examined as an article. the subject is not, at this point a Thou. in any case, turns into an It. The being which is examined as an article is the It in an I-It connection. The subject-to-subject connection confirms every point as holding an honesty of being. At the point when a theme picks. or then again is picked by. the I-Thou connection. this demonstration includes the subject’s entire being. Along these lines. the I-Thou connection is a demonstration of taking. or on the other hand being picked. to go the subject of a subject-to-subject connection. The theme turns into a subject through the I-Thou connection. furthermore, the demonstration of taking this connection asserts the subject’s entire being. Buber says that the I-Thou connection is a direct relational connection which is non interceded by any progression ining arrangement of contemplations. No objects of thought intercede among I and Thou. 1 I-Thou is an immediate connection of subject-to-subject. which is non interceded by some other connection. In this way. I-Thou is non an office to some object or end. in any case, is an extreme connection influencing the entire being of every theme. Love. as a connection among I and Thou. is a liable to-subject connection. Buber asserts that affection is non a connection of subject-to-question. In the I-Thou connection. subjects do non fathom each other as articles. be that as it may, see each other’s trustworthiness of being. Love is an I-Thou connection in which subjects partition this trustworthiness of being. Love is other than a connection in which I and Thou divide a feeling of mindful. respect. committedness. furthermore, obligation. Buber contends that. in spite of the fact that the I-Thou connection is a perfect connection. the I-It connection is an ineluctable connection by which the universe is seen as comprising of cognizable items or things. The I-It connection is the offices by which the universe is dissected and depicted. Be that as it may. the I-It connection may go an I-Thou connection. what's more, in the I-Thou connection we can interface with the universe in its entire being. In the I-Thou connection. the I is bound together with the Thou. in any case, in the I-It connection. the I is disconnected or isolated from the It. In the I-Thou connection. the being of the I has a place both with I and to Thou. In the I-It connection. the being of the I has a place with I. however, non to It. I-Thou is a connection wherein I and Thou have a mutual world. Buber battles that the I which has no Thou has a world which is less finished than that of the I in the I-and-Thou. The more that I-and-Thou partition their reality. the more complete is their reality. Orchestrating to Buber. God is the ever-enduring Thou. God is the Thou who supports the I-Thou connection everlastingly. In the I-Thou connection between the individual and God. there is a respectability of being wherein the individual can ever happen God. In the I-Thou connection. there is no boundary of different dealingss which separate the individual from God. furthermore, along these lines the individual can speak straightforwardly to God. The imperishable Thou is non an object of understanding. also, is non an object of thought. The imperishable Thou is no n something which can be researched or analyzed. The ever-enduring Thou is non a cognizable article. Be that as it may. the imperishable Thou can be known as the total Person who offers respectability to all being. Buber other than clarifies that the I-Thou connection may hold either conceivable being or existent being. At the point when the I-It connection turns into an I-Thou connection. the conceivable being of the I-Thou connection turns into the existent being of the I-Thou connection. Be that as it may. the I-Thou connection between the individual and God does non go. or on the other hand develop from. an I-It connection. since God. as the imperishable Thou. is everlastingly present as existent Being. Buber fights that the I-Thou connection between the individual and God is a cosmopolitan connection which is the establishment for all different dealingss. In the event that the individual has an existent I-Thou connection with God. so the individual must hold an existent I-Thou connection with the universe. On the off chance that the individual has an existent I-Thou connection with God. so the individual’s activities known to man must be guided by that I-Thou connection. In this way . the tenet of individual duologue might be an instructive strategy for moral enquiry and of indicating the idea of individual obligation.

How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media

How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media Basics Print How the Stigma of Mental Health Is Spread by Mass Media By Naveed Saleh, MD, MS twitter linkedin Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, is a medical writer and editor covering new treatments and trending health news. Learn about our editorial policy Naveed Saleh, MD, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Richard Fogoros, MD on October 26, 2017 Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a retired professor of medicine and board-certified internal medicine physician and cardiologist. He is Verywells Senior Medical Advisor. Learn about our Medical Review Board Richard Fogoros, MD Updated on February 15, 2020 xavierarnau / iStock More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In the aftermath of an unconscionable act of random violence, many people are inclined to label the perpetrator “crazy.” Although the criminal may have a mental illness, automatically assigning the label “crazy” does a great disservice to people who live with mental illness every day. In reality, somebody with mental illness is much more likely to be a victimâ€"rather than a perpetratorâ€"of violence.?? Calling a violent offender “crazy” spreads a dangerous stereotype and belies the complex relationship between criminality and mental illness. The media teaches us about people with whom we do not routinely interact. This constant flow of data gives us incessant social cues about the nature of other groups of peopleâ€"including which groups of people should be praised or scorned. Media portrayals of those with mental illness often skew toward either stigmatization or trivialization. Consequently, all forms of mediaâ€"including television, film, magazines, newspapers, and social mediaâ€"have been roundly criticized for disseminating negative stereotypes and inaccurate descriptions of those with mental illness. What Is Stigmatization? Stigma happens when some person is viewed as an “other.” This other is denied full social acceptance. Here is how stigma is defined by Ahmedani in a 2011 article titled “Mental Health Stigma: Society, Individuals, and the Profession”: The most established definition regarding stigma is written by Erving Goffman (1963) in his seminal work: Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Goffman (1963) states that stigma is an attribute that is deeply discrediting that reduces someone from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one (p. 3). The stigmatized, thus, are perceived as having a spoiled identity (Goffman, 1963, p. 3). In the social work literature, Dudley (2000), working from Goffman’s initial conceptualization, defined stigma as stereotypes or negative views attributed to a person or groups of people when their characteristics or behaviors are viewed as different from or inferior to societal norms.?? Of note, stigmatization is so entwined with the media that researchers have used newspaper articles as a proxy metric for stigma in society. Stigmatization of Mental Illness By the Media Some examples of how the media may stigmatize mental illness include: First, mental illnesses such as schizophrenia are seen as so disruptive to society that those with such conditions must be isolated from society altogether. Second, media accounts focus on the individual with mental illness rather than framing mental illness as a societal issue. Consequently, media consumers are more likely to blame the individual for the illness. Third, people with mental illness suffer from overgeneralization in media portrayals; everybody with a specific condition is expected to portray the same characteristics of the disease. For instance, depictions that all people with depression are suicidal, and all people with schizophrenia hallucinate. (In reality, only between 60% and 80% of people with schizophrenia experience auditory hallucinations, and a smaller number experience visual hallucinations.) Fourth, media portrayals discount the fact that many people with mental illness don’t need to disclose this condition to everyone around them. Insteadâ€"whether by intention or notâ€"mental illness often goes unrecognized. Portrayals in the media, however, present situations where everyone knows about a character’s mental illness, and this mental illness is no longer concealed. Fifth, the media portrays mental illness as being untreatable or unrecoverable. Trivialization of Mental Illness By the Media Here are some possible ways that trivialization can rear its head in the media. First, the media promotes mental illness as either not being severe or being less severe than it really is. For instance, many people with anorexia feel like their condition is made out to be less severe than it really isâ€"in part because people with the condition who are portrayed in the media minimize its serious and hide severe consequences. In reality, the death rate of anorexia is the highest death rate of an eating disorder. In an oft-cited meta-analysis published in JAMA Psychiatry in 2011, Arcelus and colleagues analyzed 36 studies representing 17,272 individual patients with eating disorders and found that 755 died.?? Second, mental illness is oversimplified in the media. For instance, people with OCD are depicted as being overly concerned with cleanliness and perfectionism. However, the obsessive thoughts that drive these compulsions are overlooked. Third, the symptoms of mental illness are portrayed in the media as beneficial. For example, in the television series Monk, the protagonist is a detective who has OCD and pays close attention to detail, which helps him solve the crime and advance his career. Fourth, using media channels, people without disabilities mock people with disabilities by appropriating mental-illness terminology. For instance, the hashtag OCD (#OCD) is commonly used on Twitter to describe attention to cleanliness or organization. Depictions of Schizophrenia in Film Probably the most disparaging stigmatizations of mental illness in media lie in the film portrayals of antagonists with mental illness. In particular, characters with schizophrenia are presented as “homicidal maniacs” in “slasher” or “psycho killer” movies. Such portrayals disseminate misinformation about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of people with schizophrenia and other forms of severe mental illness. Of note, popular movies have been shown to exert potent influences on attitude formation. In a 2012 article titled the “Portrayals of Schizophrenia by Entertainment Media: A Content Analysis of Contemporary Movies,” Owen analyzed 41 movies released between 1990 and 2010 for depictions of schizophrenia and found the following:?? Most characters displayed positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Delusions were featured most frequently, followed by auditory and visual hallucinations. A majority of characters displayed violent behavior toward themselves or others and nearly one-third of violent characters engaged in homicidal behavior. About one-fourth of characters committed suicide. Causation of schizophrenia was infrequently noted, although about one-fourth of movies implied that a traumatic life event was significant in causation. Of movies alluding to or showing treatment, psychotropic medications were most commonly portrayed. These portrayals were wrong and damaging for several reasons, including the following: Portrayals of schizophrenia in recent movies often focused on the positive symptoms of the disease, such as visual hallucinations, bizarre delusions, and disorganized speech. These symptoms were presented as commonplace when, in fact, negative symptoms, such as poverty of speech, decreased motivation, and flat affect, are more common.Several movies spread the false stereotype that people with schizophrenia are prone to violence and unpredictable behavior. Moreover, some movies presented people with schizophrenia as being “possessed.” These violent stereotypes poison viewers and engender harsh negative attitudes toward mental illness.In these movies, 24% of the characters with schizophrenia committed suicide, which is misleading because in reality only between 10% and 16% of people with schizophrenia commit suicide during the course of a lifetime.Characters with schizophrenia were usually depicted as white males. In reality, schizophrenia disproportionately affects African America ns. Furthermore, schizophrenia affects men and women almost equally.In a few movies, schizophrenia is depicted as secondary to traumatic life events or curable by love, which are both misrepresentations of the disease. On the bright side, Owen found that not all the information presented about schizophrenia in the modern film was stigmatizing.?? For example, in more than half of the movies analyzed, the use of psychiatric medications was depicted or alluded to. Furthermore, nearly half the characters with schizophrenia were depicted as poor, which jells with the epidemiological data that suggest people of higher socioeconomic means are less likely to experience schizophrenia. Ultimately, negative portrayalsâ€"especially violent negative portrayalsâ€"of people with schizophrenia and other severe types of mental illness in the media contribute to stigmatization, stereotyping, discrimination, and social rejection. What Can Be Done About the Stigma of Mental Health We still need to better understand how these messages are disseminated by the media before we can act to rectify them. Currently, there is limited research examining how the media promotes mental-illness stereotypes, stigmatization, and trivialization. Nevertheless, certain suggestions regarding how to improve the depiction of those with mental illness in the media have been made. Analyze mass-media production procedures to better understand the current practices, needs, values, and economic realities of screenwriters, producers, and journalists. For instance, understanding the balance between being newsworthy or emotionally arousing and verifiable.Present mental illness only when relevant to the story.Prefer non-individualized descriptions of mental illness and instead focus on the societal aspects.Include expert input from psychiatrists during production.Implement a mental health short course when training journalists.Use mental-health terminology with precision, fairness, and expertise. As individuals who consume copious amounts of mass media and engage on social media routinely, the best thing that we can do is to stop using words like “crazy” and “deranged” in a derogatory or flippant fashion. Moreover, it’s best not to make psychiatric diagnoses outside of a clinical setting. Only a specialist can make a diagnosis of OCD, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and so forth. By labeling without proof, we hurt those who really live with mental illness on a daily basis.

broken spears focus paper - 802 Words

The Broken Spears Focus paper In The broken spears, author Miguel Leon-Portilla gives accounts from the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1519. These accounts include several texts written by surviving indigenous people of the Aztec civilization; these perspectives truly shows the emotion, fear, and uncertainty the Aztec’s felt in depth during this time. With the accounts in our textbook and the broken spears, we are able to draw conclusions viewing both facts and experiences through this prevailing point in world history. 1492 was a turning point for the Spanish, Columbus’s successful settlements in the new world encouraged further expeditions to discover resources and spread Christianity abroad. As we learned last week the†¦show more content†¦Traditions encounters explains how European explorers and settlers had the desire to spread Christianity, the text states; â€Å"over time, and despite considerable initial resistance, Christianity did win adherents.†3 Traditions encounters fail to explain the initial resistance of the religious battle, although the broken spears explain the massacre during the fiesta honoring Huitzilopochtli in great detail in chapter eleven. Chapter eleven in the broken spears also describes how small pox broke out in Tenochtitlan, â€Å"sores erupted on our faces, our breasts, our bellies; we were covered with agonizing sores from head to toe.†4 The text continues in dramatic detail about the pain, suffering, and deaths the people of Tenochtitlan experienced. Traditions encounters vaguely describes this epidemic as, â€Å"Small pox raged though the city, killing inhabitants by the tens of thousands.†5 Ten years before the arrival of the Spaniards the Aztecs experienced eight bad omens described by Sahaguns informants. These accounts show how terrified the Aztecs were during this time, describing how, â€Å"the natives were overcome with terror, weeping and shouting and crying out.†6 In the following chapters the reports and experiences make you understand how the omens made the people ofShow MoreRelatedCharles Martel And The Franks Versus The Moorish Kingdom1670 Words   |  7 Pageswas the kingdom of the Franks, this stretched from the English Channel and North Sea coasts to the Mediterranean, and from a narrow holding on the Atlantic coast north of Aquitaine to Bavaria and Saxony. 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The Life and Poetry of Langston Hughes Essay - 776 Words

According to Becky Bradley in American Cultural History, Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Growing up, he dealt with some hard times. His parents divorced when he was little and he grew up with neither of his parents. Hughes was raised by his grandmother since his father moved to Mexico after their divorce and his mother moved to Illinois. It was when Hughes was thirteen that he moved out to Lincoln, Illinois to be reunited with his mother. This is where Hughes began writing poetry. However, the family moved again and finally settled in Cleveland, Ohio (Bradley, pars. 1-3). Author Larry Neal writes that after his high school graduation, he spent a year in Mexico and then spent a year at Columbia†¦show more content†¦They made the African American voice respected, heard and a meaningful part to the American culture (Wallace 56-64). Harold Bloom notes that this movement brought an extraordinary creative activity in not only writing but also art and music. It redefined the expressions of African Americans and their customs. The Harlem Renaissance affected people then and still affects people today. It gives something to artists to write or even draw about and to show others the struggles they have gone through. Langston Hughes’s poem â€Å"Harlem† is just one of the thousand outcomes of the Harlem Renaissance. They all, through their poems, art and music had a strong sense of racial pride. They wanted to gain equality, attack racism, and most of all celebrate African American culture (Bloom 113-127). In Line 1 of â€Å"Harlem†, we are introduced to what happens to a persons dreams get put on hold for some time. Hughes then asks, â€Å"Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?† (2-3). A raisin at first, is a grape, moist, round and juicy. However, it has shriveled up to become this dried up raisin. This simile is perfect because a dream deferred just shrivels up in our mind; we have let too much time pass to go back to fulfill the dream. The poem continues with â€Å"Or fester like a sore-and then run?† (3-4). This simile represents the dream eating at them; constantly an irritation because it has not been obtained. Line 5 isShow MoreRelatedA Brief Look at Langston Hughes1413 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes Langston Hughes’ challenging background, ethnicity, and era of life can all be thought of reasons as to why his style of writing relates among discrimination and unsettling topics. Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of what African Americans, like himself, had to go throughRead MoreEssay on Langston Hughes a Harlem Renaissance Man1463 Words   |  6 Pagesartists such as Langston Hughes. 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People migrated in record numbers, but just as the cultural aspects of Harlem prospered other walks of life in Harlem suffered dramatically due to the ever increasing population. Having developed a distinctive culture, Harlem was the epicenter for black writers, artists and intellectuals during the 1920s. The Harlem Renaissance was centered on activitiesRead MoreThe Influences for Langston Hughes Successful Writing Career979 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican literature and American culture have always been connected throughout our history. Langston Hughes was able to recognize that, â€Å"Man had the inability to bridge cultures† (Bloom 16). In one of his writings, Luani of the Jungles, Langston writes about the interactions in a relationship between a white man and a black woman, â€Å"that is not ruined by outside disapproval, but the man’s own obsession and oversimplification of their racial differences† (16). Hughes’s ability to speak openly aboutRead MoreReoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes is an extremely successful and well known black writer who emerged from the Harlem Renaissance (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). He is recognized for his poetry and like many other writers from the Harlem Renaissance, lived most of his life outside of Harlem (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). His personal experiences and opinions inspire his writing intricately. Unlike other writers of his time, Hughes expresses his discontent with black oppression and focuses on the hardships of his people. Hughes’

Miss Greenford Free Essays

Miss Greenford sat behind her 95 years old typewriter she inherited from the father to type down a letter to her only son who serves with the US army. She said, †Dear John, I miss you so much, my second baby. Daddy hasn’t being feeling well for the past three months and he is worried he wouldn’t make it before you return from the war. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Greenford or any similar topic only for you Order Now His wish is to see you before going home. Please do come quickly when you get this letter. Grandma sends her greetings, and Doggy your cat too. While she sat typing, John, in the silence of an explosion from the enemy’s camp, swallowed a bullet. †Retreat everyone†, the General shouted. Lieutenant Jamal from Afghanistan carried his friend on his shoulder and ran into the tent where the nurses tended the wounds of the injured soldiers. †Johnny, Johnny please speak to me. Open your eyes† he solemnly requested but John quietly was giving up the ghost. The only word that came out of his mouth was ‘mama’. Lieut. Jamal cried! He has lost the only friend in the army that cared for him.He remembered how he used to play basketball with John alone as all the guys refused his company and called him names. One day at assembly, it was announced a war has broken up between the US and Russia and all males were entreated to enlist in the army asap. Jamal was frightened to death because he never liked the sound of a gun. Growing up in a ghetto where the father was a warlord, he was called Ja, the whimp. He always hides under the bed during a fight of guns on the streets but John encouraged him that they can do it. He will be there for him anytime and protect him against the bullies. John was the brother Jamal never had. And now he doesn’t know how he can manage without him.Back home, Miss Greenford bought a stamp at the post office, sealed her letter and posted it to his loving son. She can’t wait to see him after eight solid months of separation. This war has had a toll on everyone. Miss Greenford herself has been feeling a severe ache in her left breast lately. Scared of the worst, she has refused to visit the hospital for a checkup. †I need to be strong to take care of my two boys, John and his father†, she always whispers to herself. Three weeks later, on the day Miss Greenford had planned on passing by the post office to check if her son has replied, there was a loud knock on the door which startled even the flower pot on the window pane and it came crushing on the floor.’Who is there?’ she shouted from the kitchen. ‘Friends of John, the voices echoed. Miss Greenford dashed out of the kitchen like a flash of lightening only to get to the door to see men dressed in uniform carrying a coffin. Immediately, she collapsed. She woke up to the news of her husband passing out of cardio attack when he wheeled his chair to the door because he also heard the shout of †friends of John† from his room.†Both my boys had left me, she cried. What does it profit me to be alive and not happy? The two things that gave me joy have been snatched from me, mama†. Old mama Gracie was there to console her daughter. She told her not stop crying. She should spit every phlegm of bitterness out, then she can have her peace. †I have been here before and I know how it feels but don’t worry it will make you stronger. It always does† Your daddy died in the war too. The only man I have ever known tasted death while in an amour defending his country. But he died a happy man. He died knowing that at least he paid his dues to his country. So sad he was before he died when I was pregnant with you for two weeks that the doctor said it is a girl. We had both been praying for a boy, but he prayed more fervently because he wanted his son to be a soldier, a protector of the state and dreams of America. Though disappointed, he loved you so very much, my baby. Be glad you gave daddy a soldier, now his soul will rest in peace. How to cite Miss Greenford, Papers

The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications free essay sample

Dr. Terry Mortenson in the article The Origin of Old- Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century, discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. In this review I will give a brief overview of what the article itself is about. Along with that, I will discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses that I have found and thought about. There are some very great points in this article, as well as weak points. I think it is important to discuss both. Overview: The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century is an article by Dr. Terry Mortenson. He discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. He mentions three French scientists, Comte de Buffon(1708-88), Pierre Laplace(1749-1827), Jean Lamarck(1744-1829), and how they were involved in the development of theories without the involvement of God. We will write a custom essay sample on The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He defends his arguments with the mentioning of the four scriptural geologist, George Young(1777-1848), George Fairholme(1789-1846), John Murray(1786? -1851), William Rhind(1797-1874)(Mortenson, 2003) . Strengths: I think Dr. Terry Mortenson makes very good points in his article, with great detail. He mentions the French scientists, and give a brief overview of what they brought to the table. â€Å"Three French scientists were prominent in this development. In Epochs of Nature (1778), Comte de Buffon (1708–88), postulated that the earth was the result of a collision between a comet and the sun and had gradually cooled from a molten lava state over at least 78,000 years. Pierre Laplace (1749–1827) published his nebular hypothesis in Exposition of the System of the Universe (1796). He imagined that the solar system had naturally and gradually condensed from a gas cloud during an indefinite but very long period of time. Jean Lamarck (1744–1829), in his Zoological Philosophy (1809), proposed a theory of biological evolution over long ages by means of the inheritance of acquired characteristics† (Mortenson, 2003). He made it clear that a person’s worldview greatly affects their scientific view on creation. The relationship to the belief in God to the belief in creation seems to be the central focus. He mentions the four scriptural geologists as well. â€Å"Four of the most geologically competent scriptural geologists were George Young, George Fairholme, John Murray and William Rhind.8 Their writings demonstrated extensive reading in the scientific (especially geological) literature of their day as well as considerable investigations of geological formations. They were men of strong Christian faith and respected character. Coincidentally these four were all Scottish† (Mortenson, 2003). Weaknesses: I believe with all of the information that Dr. Terry Mortenson gives, he could have given more biblical quotes backing his beliefs. He speaks of the flood, but gives no information from the Bible itself. Catastrophists believed that the creation was ‘untold ages’ old and that from time to time over those ages before man there had been several major catastrophic floods that destroyed a large percentage of living creatures, which God replaced with new, supernaturally created species† ( Mortenson, 2003). Had he backed up his beliefs with more information from the bible, I think I would have believed more myself. He speaks a lot on old theology studies, more towards the 1600s. I think he could have given examples from closer to the time frame the article is actually about. Conclusion: All in all I think the article itself was great. Could he have done better? Yes, but so could anyone else with their articles. It is hard to spot weaknesses myself, because I would like to see the best in everyone. I definitely found all the strengths easily. This article seemed to have a good premise behind the information. All of the information that the author provided was interesting, and thought provoking. Unfortunately, the author fell off topic for the better part of the article, and made ridiculous claims in his final section. The idea that naturalism and the spread of the Old-Earth ideology are remotely responsible in the downfall of society is an over-generalization, unverifiable, and an erroneous hypothesis at best. In my opinion, although an informative article, this document lost its legitimacy, and credibility due to the writer’s inability to convey his information in a concise and non-exaggeration manner. For a person who was looking forward to learning more about the history and development of the Old-Earth theory and valid impacts on today’s society, this article was not impressive.